| 高景芳.玉溪市草原毒害草发生趋势及风险评估[J].林业调查规划,2026,51(1):160-169 |
| 玉溪市草原毒害草发生趋势及风险评估 |
| Occurrence Trend and Risk Assessment of Poisonous Grasses in Yuxi City |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 毒害草 危害方式 发生程度 发生趋势 风险评估 ArcGIS MaxEnt 模型 玉溪市 |
| 英文关键词: poison grasses hazard pattern occurrence degree occurrence trend risk assessment ArcGIS MaxEnt model Yuxi City |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为摸清玉溪市草原毒害草种类及分布情况,评估毒害草发生现状及趋势,科学指导灾害防治
工作,通过踏查结合标准地调查,调查到毒害草103 种;危害的主要方式为侵占、有毒。 采用物种重要值评估物种发生程度,紫茎泽兰是种群的绝对优势种,白花鬼针草、蕨为种群优势种,其余物种为一般常见物种。 采用ArcGIS软件核密度分析工具对“密度”进行分析,将分析结果可视化,重点毒害草不同程度分布在玉溪市,其中澄江市、易门县毒害草密度高,整体有由高密度区向低密度区扩
散趋势。运用最大熵(MaxEnt)模型结合 ArcGIS 软件空间分析,对重点毒害草适生区开展风险评估,紫茎泽兰高风险区集中在易门县,白花鬼针草高风险区集中在红塔区,飞机草高风险区集中在新平县和元江县境内红河两岸,蕨高风险区集中在澄江、华宁、通海等县(市)和江川区南部交界区
域。 运用刀切法测定环境变量对重点毒害草在玉溪市生存的重要性,根据环境变量对其分布重要性的结果图分析,影响紫茎泽兰、白花鬼针草、飞机草、蕨生存的主要环境因子中的主导因子分别是
最冷月最低温度、温度季节性、最热月最高温度、年均温。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study aims to clarify the the species and distribution of poisonous grasses in grasslands of
Yuxi City, evaluate the current situation and trend of poisonous grasses, and scientifically guide the disaster prevention and control work. Through the combination of on -site investigation and standard plot
sampling, 103 species of poisonous grasses were investigated, and the main hazard patterns were invasion
and toxicity. The importance value of species was used to assess their occurrence level. Ageratina adenophora was the absolutely dominant species in the population, Bidens alba and Pteridium aquilinum var.
latiusculum were dominant species, while the remaining species were common. The kernel density tool in
ArcGIS was employed to analyze the “density”, and the results were visualized. The key poisonous grasses were distributed in Yuxi City to different degrees, with high densities found in Chengjiang County and
Yimen County. Overall, there was a trend of diffusion from high-density to low-density areas. The Max-Ent model combined with the spatial analysis of ArcGIS software was used to carry out risk assessment on
the suitable areas of key poisonous grasses in Yuxi. High-risk areas for Ageratina adenophora were concentrated in Yimen County, for Bidens alba in Hongta District, for Chromolaena odorata along both banks
of the Honghe River within Xinping County and Yuanjiang County, and for Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum in the border areas connecting southern Chengjiang County, Huaning County, Tonghai County,
and Jiangchuan District. The importance of environmental variables to the survival of key poisonous grasses in Yuxi City was determined by Jackknife method. Analysis of the results regarding the importance of
environmental variables to their distribution indicated that the dominant environmental factors affecting the
survival of A. adenophora, B. alba, C. odorata, and P. aquilinum var. latiusculum were the minimum
temperature of the coldest month, the seasonal temperature, the maximum temperature of the hottest
month, and the annual average temperature, respectively. |
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