文章摘要
张全武,廖广寿,莫江,徐圆圆,杨梅,邓永胜.黑木相思抗火性能分析与评价[J].林业调查规划,2026,51(1):170-175,183
黑木相思抗火性能分析与评价
Analysis and Evaluation of Fire Resistance of Acacia melanoxylon
  
DOI：
中文关键词: 黑木相思  抗火性能  含水率  热值  燃点
英文关键词: Acacia melanoxylon  fire resistance  moisture content  calorific value  ignition point
基金项目:黑木相思人工林产业化关键技术开发(2024GXZCLK29).
作者单位
张全武 广西壮族自治区国有六万林场,广西 玉林 537000 
廖广寿 广西大学 林学院/ 广西高校亚热带人工林培育与 利用重点实验室/ 中南速生材繁育国家林业和草原局重点实验室,广西 南宁 530004 
莫江 广西壮族自治区国有六万林场,广西 玉林 537000 
徐圆圆 广西大学 林学院/ 广西高校亚热带人工林培育与 利用重点实验室/ 中南速生材繁育国家林业和草原局重点实验室,广西 南宁 530004 
杨梅 广西大学 林学院/ 广西高校亚热带人工林培育与 利用重点实验室/ 中南速生材繁育国家林业和草原局重点实验室,广西 南宁 530004 
邓永胜 广西壮族自治区国有六万林场,广西 玉林 537000 
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中文摘要:
      以 5 年生黑木相思为研究对象,利用方差分析对比黑木相思不同高度和不同部位间的抗火性能差异,运用主成分对不同部位抗火性能进行综合得分评价。 结果表明,黑木相思干材的含水率随高度的增加呈梯度下降,树皮的含水率、热值和燃点在不同高度均高于干材;热值最大的部位是树 叶和枝条,凋落物的热值最低,但燃点最高。 黑木相思各部位的抗火性作用综合排序为:树叶>凋落物>枝条>树皮>干材;相较热值和燃点,黑木相思的含水率对其抗火性综合作用影响更大;黑木相思的树皮和树叶抗火性能接近或优于前人所研究的传统防火树种。黑木相思总体抗火性能良 好,抗火性较强的树叶和凋落物可有效应对林冠火和地表火的蔓延,高含水率和高燃点的树皮能在火环境中对木材起到较好的保护作用。
英文摘要:
      This study investigated the fire resistance of 5-year-old Acacia melanoxylon trees, compared differences in fire resistance performance at different tree heights and among different plant parts by using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and evaluated the comprehensive scores of fire-resistant properties of different parts of Acacia melanoxylon by using principal components analysis (PCA). The results indicated that the moisture content of the stemwood decreased gradiently with increasing height. The bark exhibited higher moisture content, calorific value, and ignition point than the stemwood across all heights. Leaves and branches had the highest calorific values, while litter had the lowest calorific value but the highest ignition point. The comprehensive ranking of fire resistance among the different parts was leaves > litter >branches > bark > stemwood. Compared to calorific value and ignition point, moisture content had a greater overall impact on the comprehensive fire resistance of Acacia melanoxylon. The fire resistance of the bark and leaves was close to or superior to that of traditional fire-resistant tree species reported in previous studies. Acacia melanoxylon demonstrates generally good overall fire resistance, and the better fire-resistant leaves and litter can effectively deal with the spread of crown and surface fires, and the bark with high moisture content and high ignition point can play a better role in protecting the wood in the fire environment.
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