| 郭艳荣,张馨予,于 珮,吉亚娜,刘 洋,海 龙,杨宏伟.基于文献研究的科尔沁沙地造林实践成效评估[J].林业调查规划,2026,51(3):31-39 |
| 基于文献研究的科尔沁沙地造林实践成效评估 |
| Evaluation for Afforestation Practices in Horqin Sandy Land Based on Literature Research |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 三北防护林 林分生长现状 林分退化机制 植被修复 科尔沁沙地 |
| 英文关键词: Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program stand growth status stand degradation mechanisms vegetation restoration Horqin sandy land |
| 基金项目:内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2021GG0370). |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 科尔沁沙地是我国典型的生态脆弱区和荒漠化严重地区,生态环境极其脆弱。目前,针对科尔沁沙地主要造林树种近期生长现状、退化机制、恢复优化策略等仍不清楚。基于1999年之后国内外发表的39篇文献,对科尔沁沙地主要造林树种近期生长现状进行梳理,深入分析主要造林树种的退化机制。研究发现,林龄达35~40 a后樟子松生长普遍出现衰退,与早期高密度造林及缺乏间伐管理有关;而油松与赤松表现出较好的生长适应性,部分原因在于其较高的水分利用效率、碳水化合物分配策略及深层根系特征。种植杨树对沙地具有显著的固沙效益,但近年来杨树生长出现大面积退化,其成因包括林分过熟、水分胁迫、土壤贫瘠及管理粗放等。针对上述问题,提出优化种植密度与配置模式、构建针阔混交林、推广适宜的乡土与良种树种、结合遥感与生物技术监测及调控的综合解决方案,并强调政策支持和生态补偿机制对长期生态恢复的推动作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The Horqin sandy land is a typical ecologically fragile and severely desertified region in China with an extremely vulnerable ecological environment. However, the recent growth performance, degradation mechanisms, and restoration strategies of major plantation species remain insufficiently understood.Based on 39 articles published domestically and internationally after 1999, this paper reviewed the growth status of dominant afforestation tree species and analyzed their degradation mechanisms. The results showed that Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica exhibited widespread growth decline after 35-40 years, largely due to high initial planting density and lack of thinning. In contrast, Pinus tabuliformis and Pinus sylvestris demonstrated stronger adaptability linked to improved water use efficiency, carbon allocation, and deeproot traits. Although Populus spp. plantations contributed significantly to sand stabilization, their largescale degradation in recent decades was driven by over-maturity, water stress, nutrient-poor soils, and extensive management. To address these issues, this paper proposes integrated strategies including optimizing planting density and configuration patterns, establishing coniferous-broadleaf mixed forests, promoting suitable native and improved tree species, and integrating remote sensing and biotechnology for monitoring and regulation, as well as emphasizes the role of policy support and ecological compensation in
sustaining restoration. |
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