| 罗恒春,魏安超,朱 楠,马晶晶,汤明华,陈 瑞.墨江县2012—2020年森林景观格局演变[J].林业调查规划,2026,51(3):82-90 |
| 墨江县2012—2020年森林景观格局演变 |
| Forest Landscape Pattern Evolution of Mojiang County from 2012 to 2020 |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 景观格局演变 景观格局指数 驱动机制 驱动因子 墨江县 |
| 英文关键词: landscape pattern evolution landscape pattern index driving mechanism driving factors Mojiang County |
| 基金项目:云南省林业和草原局2021年森林督查项目(20216003). |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究墨江县不同树种景观格局的演变特征及驱动机制,基于2012—2020年的遥感数据、“一张图”数据、气象数据和DEM数据,选取斑块面积、斑块密度、最大斑块指数、香农—威纳指数
等景观指数,从斑块水平、类型水平和景观水平3个尺度分析10类树种的景观格局动态,采用相关性分析法识别自然与人为驱动因子。结果表明,优势树种较稳定,思茅松作为墨江县的优势树种,面积占比始终高于66.6%,斑块形状规则且连续性强。人工林不断扩张,桉树和橡胶的面积剧增,体现出人工经济林的规模化种植趋势。天然林退化,油杉斑块面积仅2.4 hm2,柏木面积缩减40.5%,2个树种的斑块密度低且分布孤立,生境破碎化在加剧。景观整体转型,蔓延度指数下降和香农多样性指数上升,说明景观从集中化向破碎化、单一性向多样性转变。各类景观与驱动因子间的关联性表现出明显的差异,海拔和温度是各类景观主要驱动因子,而植被指数和降水对多数景观类型影响较弱。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the evolution characteristics and driving mechanisms of landscape patterns of different tree species in Mojiang County, remote sensing data, one-map forest resource data, meteorological data and DEM data from 2012 to 2020 were adopted. Several landscape indexes including patch area, patch density, largest patch index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index were selected to analyze the landscape pattern dynamics of 10 tree species at patch, type, and landscape levels. Correlation analysis was
used to identify natural and anthropogenic driving factors. The results showed that the dominant tree species remained relatively stable; as the dominant species in Mojiang County, Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis always accounted for more than 66.6% of the total area, with regular patch shape and strong connectivity. Plantation forests kept expanding, and the areas of eucalyptus and rubber increased sharply, reflecting the large-scale planting trend of artificial economic forests. Natural forests degraded obviously; the patch area of Keteleeria fortunei was only 2.4 hm2, and the area of Cupressus funebris decreased by 40.5%. The two tree species presented low patch density and isolated distribution, with intensifying habitat fragmentation. The overall landscape underwent obvious transformation; the decrease of contagion index and the increase of Shannon′s diversity index indicated that the landscape evolved from centralized aggregation to fragmentation and from singularity to diversity. The correlation between various landscape types and driving factors showed obvious differences. Elevation and temperature were the main driving factors for all landscape types, while vegetation index and precipitation had weak impacts on most landscape types. |
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